What to do, by when: the plain timeline

Almost all of the hard deadlines in these rules fall on Member States, registers and the Commission, not on companies. Companies mostly get new rights: a free certificate and an apostille-free power of attorney. The real duties are two: file register changes within hard deadlines, and, for partnerships, a new compulsory disclosure regime. If someone is selling you an urgent "Directive 2025/25 compliance package" for a limited company, ask them which article they mean.

Every claim on this page carries the article it comes from, so your lawyer can check it in minutes.

If you run a company (limited liability, Annex II)

Your two real obligations, from 31 July 2028

1. File changes fast. Once your Member State applies the new rules, any change to your registered documents and information — directors, registered office, statutes, and so on — must be filed with the register within at most 15 working days of the change being made [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 15(2)(a) of Dir. (EU) 2017/1132 as replaced]. Accounting documents are excluded from that clock, and conversions, mergers and divisions follow their own rules [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 15(2)(a) and recital 22]. Member States must back this with "effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties", explicitly including late filing [Directive (EU) 2025/25, recital 22]. If your company currently treats register filings as an annual clean-up job, that habit becomes a liability.

2. Keep the register accurate. The EU Company Certificate is generated from your register entry, and other Member States' registers will pull your documents from your home register instead of asking you for them. An error in your register entry now travels across the EU with your name on it [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Arts. 16b(1) and 13g(2a)].

Your new rights, from the same date

Worth doing before 2028 (smart, not obliged)

• Check your register entries now, especially who is recorded as authorised to represent the company and whether representation is sole or joint. That field goes into your EU Company Certificate [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 16b(2)(j)], and errors take time to fix through a register.
• Work out who acts for you across borders: which people hold which authority for which procedures. When the power of attorney template is published, companies that already know this will be able to use it straight away. The mandate pages cover it.
• Do not buy anything sold as a "digital EU power of attorney" today. The Commission template is not yet in the Official Journal; we check for it weekly [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 24(2)(e)].

If you run a partnership (Annex IIB types)

Partnerships get the most new work. From 31 July 2028 (as transposed), partnerships of the types listed in Annex IIB face compulsory disclosure, for many of them for the first time under EU law, of at least: name, legal form, registered office, registration number, limited partners' liability caps (where registered), the instrument of constitution and every amendment with consolidated text, who is authorised to represent the partnership and whether alone or jointly, general and limited partners' particulars (where registered), accounting documents, and winding-up, nullity and liquidation events [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 14a of Dir. (EU) 2017/1132 as inserted]. The 15-working-day filing clock applies to partnerships too [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 15(2)(a)].

What to do: check whether your legal form appears in your country's Annex IIB list once transposition lands (our country table will track this), and get your constitutive documents and representation records into filing-ready shape before 2028, not after.

If you accept documents or authority from companies (banks, notaries, registers, counterparties)

Two duties arrive with the acceptance duty: you remain responsible for authenticating and validating what is presented to you [Regulation (EU) 2024/1183 (eIDAS 2), Art. 5b(9)], and refusal is confined to the narrow authenticity and fraud safeguards, case by case [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Arts. 16e–16f]. Build your intake procedures for this now. The mistake to design out: treating a valid signature as proof of valid authority. See valid token is not an allowed action.

If you build software in this space

• By 31 July 2026 (overdue): the Commission's implementing acts — the certificate and power of attorney templates, taxonomies and wallet-compatibility specs — were due. As of our last verification they are not in the Official Journal; our updates page tracks this weekly [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 24(2)].
• 24 December 2026: wallet-relying-party machinery applies — national registers with a common API, access certificates, registration certificates [Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/848, Arts. 3–8, 11]. If your product relies on wallet presentations, your registration path starts here.
• From 31 July 2028: the instruments go live nationally. Products that already hold mandates as structured, revocable records can take the new attestations as inputs. Products that hold PDFs will be parsing prose. See the mandate object.

What you do NOT have to do

Compliance vendors will tell you otherwise, so for the record:

• Nothing in Directive (EU) 2025/25 obliges any company to use the digital EU power of attorney or the EU Company Certificate. They are options — "companies can use" the template [Directive (EU) 2025/25, Art. 16c(1)]; national instruments remain valid [Directive (EU) 2025/25, recital 28].
• No company is obliged to hold an EUDI wallet. The wallet duties fall on Member States (to provide) and on relying parties (to register and, in listed cases, accept) [Regulation (EU) 2024/1183 (eIDAS 2), Arts. 5a(1), 5b, 5f].
• Nothing about the European Business Wallet is owed by anyone. It is a proposal awaiting committee decision, not law. Tracked here.

Every date on one line

Dates come from the instruments, not from commentary. The chains are on the Directive page and the wallet page. When national transposition starts moving the practical dates in your country, this page and the country table move with it.